Mechanism of microRNA-223-3p inhibiting hepatic stellate cell activation by targeting microtubule-associated protein 1B / 临床肝胆病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of microRNA-223-3p （miR-223-3p） on hepatic stellate cell （HSC） activation and its mechanism. MethodsHuman HSC LX2 cells were selected for the study， and LX2 cells were stimulated by TGF-β to establish a model of HSC activation； quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the change in the expression level of miR-223-3p during HSC activation. After LX2 cells were transfected with miR-223-3p mimic， quantitative real-time PCR， Western blot， and immunofluorescence assay were used to clarify the regulatory effect of miR-223-3p on HSC activation， and dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the association between miR-223-3p and the target gene MAP1B. After LX2 cells were transfected with MAP1B siRNA， Western blot was used to clarify the influence of inhibiting MAP1B expression on HSC activation； after LX2 cells were transfected with miR-223-3p， quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot were used to verify the regulatory effect of miR-223-3p on MAP1B. The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups. ResultsHSC in the activated state had a significant reduction in the expression level of miR-223-3p compared with those in the resting state （t=9.12， P<0.001）. Overexpression of miR-223-3p inhibited the mRNA and protein expression levels of the markers for HSC activation alpha-smooth muscle actin and collagen type Ⅰ （mRNA expression： t=8.35 and 12.23， both P<0.01； protein expression： t=16.24 and 20.90， both P<0.001）. The dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that MAP1B was a potential target gene of miR-223-3p. Compared with the control group， LX2 cells with miR-223-3p overexpression had significant reductions in the mRNA and protein expression levels of MAP1B （mRNA expression： t=5.95， P<0.01； protein expression： t=11.12， P<0.001）. ConclusionThis study shows that miR-223-3p can inhibit HSC activation by targeting MAP1B.

Enzymatic Digestion Method Coupled with Artificial Intelligence Techniques in Forensic Drowning Diatom Detection / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveArtificial intelligence （AI） full smear automated diatom detection technology can perform forensic pathology drowning diatom detection more quickly and efficiently than human experts.However， this technique was only used in conjunction with the strong acid digestion method， which has a low extraction rate of diatoms. In this study， we propose to use the more efficient proteinase K tissue digestion method （hereinafter referred to as enzyme digestion method） as a diatom extraction method to investigate the generalization ability and feasibility of this technique in other diatom extraction methods. MethodsLung tissues from 6 drowned cadavers were collected for proteinase K ablation and made into smears， and the smears were digitized using the digital image matrix cutting method and a diatom and background database was established accordingly.The data set was divided into training set， validation set and test set in the ratio of 3：1：1， and the convolutional neural network （CNN） models were trained， internally validated， and externally tested on the basis of ImageNet pre-training. ResultsThe results showed that the accuracy rate of the external test of the best model was 97.65 %， and the area where the model features were extracted was the area where the diatoms were located. The best CNN model in practice had a precision of more than 80 % for diatom detection of drowned corpses. ConclusionIt is shown that the AI automated diatom detection technique based on CNN model and enzymatic digestion method in combination can efficiently identify diatoms and can be used as an auxiliary method for diatom detection in drowning identification.

Evaluation index research of the randomized controlled trial of infertility treated by Traditional Chinese Medicine / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To collect and analyze the evaluation index of infertility treated by Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), which will lay a foundation for the establishment of the core index and evaluation index system of TCM treating infertility.Methods:By retriving the published literatures of randomized controlled trials of infertility treated by TCM in the database of CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, SinoMed, PubMed and Cochrane Library from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2020, and after the screening according to the creteria of inclusion and exclusion, this paper analyzed the normal indexes of infertility and the pathogenic indexes of TCM.Results:A total of 95 RCTs were included, including 9 069 patients aged between 20-39 years old. The average sample size of each RCT study was 95, involving 78 evaluation criteria. The highest frequency of use was the total effective rate, etiological-index analysis found that the general indicators of infertility such as the total effective rate, pregnancy rate, TCM syndrome scores,and common etiological factors such as LH, FSH are the characteristic indicators.Conclusion:There are many problems in the evaluation indexes of clinical trials of treating infertility by TCM, such as great differences in number and not standardized usage. It is necessary to carry out research on the construction of core indicator and evaluation indicator systems of infertility according to different etiologies.

Bibliometrics Analysis in English and Chinese Literature on Drowning in Forensic Medicine from 1991 to 2020 / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To explore the research hotspots and development trends of the field of forensic drowning from 1991 to 2020 by bibliometrics methods.@*METHODS@#Based on Web of Science, CNKI database, Wanfang Data knowledge service platform, python 3.9.2, CiteSpace 5.8.R3, Gephi 0.9.2, etc. were used to analyze the publishing trends, countries/regions, institutions, authors and topics of the study on drowning.@*RESULTS@#A total of 631 English literature were obtained, including 59 articles from Chinese authors, and 386 Chinese literature were obtained. The Chinese and English journals with the largest number of related literatures were Chinese Journal of Forensic Science (80 articles) and Forensic Science International (106 articles), respectively. Japan published the most articles in English, and China ranked third. Osaka City Univ (Japan, 28 articles) published the most English articles, and Guangzhou Forens Sci Inst (China, 22 articles) ranked second. Among Chinese literature, Guangzhou Forens Sci Inst (32 articles) published the most. The topic analysis of Chinese and English literature showed that diatom examination, virtual autopsy, postmortem biochemical examination, the nature of death, and postmortem submersion interval were the hot spots of current research, but English literature had more studies on new technologies and methods, while Chinese literature was more inclined to practice, application and experience summary.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The number of literature in forensic medicine on drowning is relatively stable. The scope of international and domestic collaborations in this field is still limited. The automated examination of diatoms, the establishment of diatom DNA barcodes and virtual autopsy will be the most important research hotspots in the coming period and are expected to achieve breakthroughs in drowning diagnosis, drowning location inference, postmortem submersion interval estimation, etc.

Comparison among Four Deep Learning Image Classification Algorithms in AI-based Diatom Test / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To select four algorithms with relatively balanced complexity and accuracy among deep learning image classification algorithms for automatic diatom recognition, and to explore the most suitable classification algorithm for diatom recognition to provide data reference for automatic diatom testing research in forensic medicine.@*METHODS@#The "diatom" and "background" small sample size data set (20 000 images) of digestive fluid smear of corpse lung tissue in water were built to train, validate and test four convolutional neural network (CNN) models, including VGG16, ResNet50, InceptionV3 and Inception-ResNet-V2. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) of subjects and confusion matrixes were drawn, recall rate, precision rate, specificity, accuracy rate and F1 score were calculated, and the performance of each model was systematically evaluated.@*RESULTS@#The InceptionV3 model achieved much better results than the other three models with a balanced recall rate of 89.80%, a precision rate of 92.58%. The VGG16 and Inception-ResNet-V2 had similar diatom recognition performance. Although the performance of diatom recall and precision detection could not be balanced, the recognition ability was acceptable. ResNet50 had the lowest diatom recognition performance, with a recall rate of 55.35%. In terms of feature extraction, the four models all extracted the features of diatom and background and mainly focused on diatom region as the main identification basis.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Including the Inception-dependent model, which has stronger directivity and targeting in feature extraction of diatom. The InceptionV3 achieved the best performance on diatom identification and feature extraction compared to the other three models. The InceptionV3 is more suitable for daily forensic diatom examination.

Research Progress of Automatic Diatom Test by Artificial Intelligence / 法医学杂志

Diatom test is the main laboratory test method in the diagnosis of drowning in forensic medicine. It plays an important role in differentiating the antemortem drowning from the postmortem drowning and inferring drowning site. Artificial intelligence (AI) automatic diatom test is a technological innovation in forensic drowning diagnosis which is based on morphological characteristics of diatom, the application of AI algorithm to automatic identification and classification of diatom in tissues and organs. This paper discusses the morphological diatom test methods and reviews the research progress of automatic diatom recognition and classification involving AI algorithms. AI deep learning algorithm can assist diatom testing to obtain objective, accurate, and efficient qualitative and quantitative analysis results, which is expected to become a new direction of diatom testing research in the drowning of forensic medicine in the future.

The in vivo imaging of zebrafish for chemical vascular toxicity assessment / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To evaluate the vascular toxicity of chemicals by a real-time observation approach using the transgenic zebrafish. Methods: The spatiotemporal vascular alterations of transgenic zebrafish after chemical exposure were assessed by laser confocal microscopy and high-content screening analysis, respectively. Results: The method using Laser Confocal Microscopy (LCM) is easier to operate and yields high-resolution images, while it is lower throughput and inefficient. In contrast, high-content analysis (HCA) analysis obtains high-quality data of vascular toxicity manifesting whole blood vasculature, whereas it requires delicate operation procedures and advanced experimental conditions. Conclusion: Two kinds of zebrafish imaging methods each have advantages and disadvantages. LCM is suitable for the evaluation of a small number of chemicals. HCA, a cutting-edge technology, has great potential for chemical safety assessment allowing high throughput vascular toxicity tests of a good number of chemicals at a time.

Effectiveness of induction therapy with exclusive enteral nutrition in pediatric Crohn's disease / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To evaluate the effectiveness of induction therapy with exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) in pediatric Crohn's disease (CD).@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 62 children with CD who received EEN in Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, from March 2013 to August 2021. The medical data included general information and height, weight, Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index (PCDAI), Crohn's Disease Endoscopic Index of Severity, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and serum albumin level before treatment and after 8 weeks of treatment. The changes in the above indicators were compared before and after treatment.@*RESULTS@#Among the 62 children with CD, there were 39 boys (63%) and 23 girls (37%), with a mean age of (11.9±3.0) years at diagnosis. Among the 55 children who completed EEN treatment for at least 8 weeks, 48 (87%) achieved clinical remission at week 8. PCDAI at week 8 was significantly lower than that before treatment (P<0.001). Except for 17 children with involvement of the small intestine alone and 3 children with involvement of the colon who did not receive colonoscopy reexamination, the remaining 35 children with involvement of the colon received colonoscopy reexamination after the 8-week EEN treatment. Of the 35 children, 29 (83%) achieved mucosal healing. As for the 48 children who achieved clinical remission at week 8, there were significant improvements in height-for-age Z-score and body mass index-for-age Z-score at week 8 (P<0.01). As for the 7 children who did not achieve clinical remission at week 8, there were no significant changes in height-for-age Z-score and body mass index-for-age Z-score at week 8 (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The 8-week EEN treatment has a good effect on clinical remission and mucosal healing in children with CD. For the children with CD achieving clinical remission, EEN can improve their height and body mass index.

Discussion on the body conception of the medical scholars at the early eras based on the description of meridians in bamboo slip and silk medical books / 中国针灸

In the paper, the basic situation and description of meridians are introduced on

Progress on the mechanism of respiratory syncytial virus infection, recurrent wheezing and bronchial asthma in infants / 国际儿科学杂志

Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) is a common pathogen of respiratory tract infection in children, and its related lower respiratory tract infection is associated with subsequent repeated wheezing and bronchial asthma, but the specific pathogenesis is still unclear.In recent years, it has been found that respiratory syncytial virus infection leads to the injury of respiratory epithelial cells, the release of inflammatory mediators and the disorder of immune function, which are involved in the pathogenesis of asthma.And the early intervention of viral infection and the development of antiviral drugs will improve the occurrence of recurrent wheezing and asthma to a certain extent.Therefore, this article reviews the relationship between recurrent wheezing and asthma caused by respiratory syncytial virus and the effects of anti-respiratory syncytial virus drugs and vaccines.

Correction to: Top-down Modulation of Outcome Processing in Primary Sensory Cortex for Flexible Behavior (Neuroscience Bulletin, (2021), 37, 6, (889-891), 10.1007/s12264-021-00656-1) / 神经科学通报·英文版

A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-021-00695-8.

Efficacy Analysis of Unrelated Cord Blood Transplantation in the Treatment of Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) in the treatment of Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML).@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 5 children with JMML who were treated with unrelated UCBT from October 2011 to July 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The age of onset for the five children (male) ranged from 0.4 to 5.0 years old, with a median age of 1.5 years old. All the patients received myeloablative conditioning regimen without ATG to whom cyclosporine A (CsA) with short-term mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) was given for GVHD prophylaxis.@*RESULTS@#Four children acquired engraftment. One patient received secondary haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation because of the failure in the first unrelated UCBT. Grade Ⅲ to Ⅳ aGVHD occurred in 2 cases and was controlled, and none of the patients developed cGVHD. Three cases achieved long-time disease free survival，and no patient relapsed.@*CONCLUSION@#UCBT is an effective treatment for children with JMML.

Pediatric recurrent respiratory tract infection and its diagnosis and treatment strategies / 国际儿科学杂志

Pediatric recurrent respiratory tract infections is a common clinical phenomenon in children.It has a high incidence and a variety of etiology.In addition to infection-related factors, the etiology is also related to the development and heredity of the immune system and respiratory system.It causes a great burden to children′s health, family life and social economy.There are some problems in diagnosis and treatment, which should arouse the attention of doctors and society.This article describes the epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, prognosis, and follow-up of recurrent respiratory tract infections based on the latest medical literature, guidelines and clinical experience of experts.The purpose is to provide references for pediatricians to recognize, diagnose and treat recurrent respiratory tract infections in clinical practice.

Progress of researches on genes associated with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance in Plasmodium vivax / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Malaria is a parasitic disease which threatens human life and health seriously. Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) has been recommended for intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in children and pregnant women, and also used as a compound component of artemisinin based therapy. The mechanisms of SP resistance in P. falciparum involve point mutations in the genes encoding dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) and dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS), and the drug pressure can also lead to the mutations in the two genes of P. vivax. To provide the information for the formulation of anti-malarial strategies, this article reviews the discovery, application, effect of SP, and the resistance mechanism and research progress of the related genes in P. vivax.

Progress of researches on genes associated with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance in Plasmodium vivax / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Malaria is a parasitic disease which threatens human life and health seriously. Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) has been recommended for intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in children and pregnant women, and also used as a compound component of artemisinin based therapy. The mechanisms of SP resistance in P. falciparum involve point mutations in the genes encoding dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) and dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS), and the drug pressure can also lead to the mutations in the two genes of P. vivax. To provide the information for the formulation of anti-malarial strategies, this article reviews the discovery, application, effect of SP, and the resistance mechanism and research progress of the related genes in P. vivax.

Effects of goal-directed hemodynamic management therapy on prognosis of patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery / 医学研究生学报

Objective Fluid therapy strategy on cardiac surgical patients has always been disputing. The aim of the present study was to observe the effects of goal-directed hemodynamic management strategy on the prognosis of patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft. Methods The study was a prospective quality improvement study. Patients who underwent elective off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting in our hospital from January to December 2016 were included in the study, and the implementation of improvement approach was started on June 20, 2016. A total number of 98 patients were included: 56 cases before the improvement (control group) and 42 cases after the improvement (experimental group). The approach of optimizing hemodynamic was standardized vasoactive usage based on the goal-directed fluid therapy taking SVV (Stroke Volume Variation) and CI (Cardiac Index) as the target. Intraoperative and postoperative data were collected through the medical record system. Comparison was done between two groups in the aspects of liquid intake and output, length of postoperative stay in hospital and complications, postoperative awaken time, volume of thoracic drainage in 24h, extubation rate in 6h, time of ICU stay, concentration of Troponin I on the first day after surgery, mortality rate within 30 days and 6 months. Results There was no statistically difference in total fluid intake after the improvement, while the volume of voluven(676.79± 380.90 mL vs 890.48 ±222.58mL,P < 0.05) and urine volume (516.07±224.87 mL vs 695.24± 311.53mL,P < 0.05) increased significantly, the volume of crystal decreased significantly (663.84 ±224.97mL vs 430.24 ±201.76mL,P < 0.001). The positive liquid balance of intake and output volume was significantly reduced (683.82 ±556.08ml vs 456.43 ±505.36ml, P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in proportion of autologous blood or erythrocyte transfusion and volume of blood loss between the two groups (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in postoperative awaken time, volume of thoracic drainage within 24h, extubation rate within 6, concentration of Troponin I on the first day after surgery and ICU stay(P > 0.05). After the improvement, the length of postoperative stay in hospital was reduced compared with the control group (11.81 vs 13.82, P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed after the logarithmic transformation, and the standardized coefficient B of the improvement was -0.296 (SE=0.061, P < 0.05), indicating that the goal-directed hemodynamic management would reduce the length of postoperative stay in hospital by 19.4 %( 95%CI 7.3%~31.5%) with other conditions being equal. Postoperative complications decreased from 41.07% to 16.67 %( P < 0.05). Conclusion The implementation of goal-directed hemodynamic management strategy can reduce postoperative complications, postoperative hospital stay and improve short-term prognosis of patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery.

Tichostatin A inhibiting migration and invasion of human gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 cells via up-regulating protocadherin 9 / 解剖学报

Objective To investigate the effect of trichostatin A (TSA) on migration and invasion in human gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 cells and its possible mechanism. Methods SGC-7901 cells were cultured in vitro and treated with TSA (5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160 nmol/L) for 48 hours, and then the cell viability was detected by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) assay. The protocadherin 9 (PCDH9) high-expression SGC-7901 cells were stably established by transfecting with eukaryotic expression vector (pCMV6-PCDH9). Transwell assay was used to determine the abilities of migration and invasion. The mRNA expression level of PCDH9 were measured by RT-PCR. Western blotting was performed to analyze the protein expression of PCDH9, Snail, E-cadherin, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. Results TSA remarkably reduced the cell viability of SGC-7901 cells in excess of 80 nmol/L (P<0. 05). However, in a dose-dependent manner, low-level TSA (5-20 nmol/L) suppressed migration and invasion of SGC-7901 cells (P<0. 05), down-regulated the protein levels of Snail, MMP-2 and MMP-9 (P<0. 05), and up-regulated the protein levels of PCDH9 and E-cadherin (P<0. 05). Meanwhile, high expression of PCDH9 also inhibited migration and invasion of SGC-7901 cells (P<0. 05), down-regulated the protein levels of Snail, MMP-2 and MMP-9 (P<0. 05), and up-regulated the protein level of E-cadherin (P<0. 05). Conclusion TSA may inhibit migration and invasion of SGC-7901 cells most likely via up-regulating PCDH9, and then down-regulating the protein levels of Snail, MMP-2 and MMP-9, and up-regulating the protein level of E-cadherin.

Research on regional distribution and industrial status analysis of genuine medicinal resources of flowers in Henan province / 中国中药杂志

Flower medicinal materials usually refer to Chinese medicinal materials with a complete flower,inflorescence,or part of a flower as the different medicinal parts,they have an important share in the Chinese herbal medicine market and appeared frequently in Chinese medicine prescriptions. Firstly,the species and regional distribution of the flower medicinal materials resources in China were briefly summarized. Secondly,the characteristics,yield,producing area and origin distribution of the main flower medicinal materials in Henan province were discussed. Finally,the present situation and the main problems of the flower medicinal materials industry in Henan province were comprehensively analyzed,and the corresponding industrial development countermeasures were put forward.This research was intended to provide decision-making demonstration and scientific basis for the rational exploitation and utilization of resources,breeding of new varieties,planting division,production layout and the healthy and sustainable development of the flower medicinal materials industry in Henan province.

Analysis of clinical characteristics and preoperative diagnostic methods of pilomatricoma in children / 中华整形外科杂志

Objective@#To summarize the clinical characteristics of pilomatricoma in children and analyze the preoperative diagnostic method.@*Methods@#468 cases (479 tumors) of pilomatricoma in children were treated in Department of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Wuhan Children’s Hospital from January 2013 to January 2018. All cases were confirmed by pathology after operation. There were 224 males and 244 females, aged from 3 months to 13 years and 10 months. The general situations, case histories, physical signs, auxiliary examinations and preoperative diagnoses of all patients were analyzed retrospectively. SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis of data. Median or mean±standard deviation was used for describing measurement data, and component ratio or rate was used for describing counting data.@*Results@#The peak age was 0-2 years old, accounting for 47.22%(221/468). The male to female ratio was 1∶1.09. The most common site of lesions was head(348 cases), followed by neck(76 cases), upper limbs(40 cases), trunk(10 cases) and lower limbs(5 cases). All patients had histories of subcutaneous mass, 85.90%(402/468) had histories of tumor growth, 16.24%(76/468)had pain, 7.91%(37/468) had histories of infection, 28.42%(133/468) had histories of previous treatment, and 12.18%(57/468) had histories of external stimulation. The masses were (1.2±0.6) cm(from 0.3 cm to 3.5 cm) in diameter. By inspection, 98.33%(471/479) of skin overlying the tumor were intact, and 63.29%(269/425) were pale blue. By palpation, 79.62%(375/471) of masses were hard, 100% adhered to the skin, 94.15%(451/479) didn’t cause tenderness, 31.73%(152/479) appeared "tent sign" , and 27.77%(133/479) appeared "teeter-totter sign" . The diagnostic accuracy rate of ultrasonographic examination was 75.24%(155/206). 31.55%(65/206) showed hypoechoic nodule containing internal hyperechoic dots, 27.67%(57/206) showed hyperechoic band with wide acoustic shadowing below. 88.83%(183/206) of Color Doppler Flow Imaging showed peripheral blood flow signal around the nodule, and the internal blood flow signal decreased or disappeared. The diagnostic accuracy rate of CT examination was 98.44%(126/128), 58.59%(75/128) of plain CT scans showed high density mass shadows of which the internal densities were homogeneous or heterogeneous. 39.84%(51/128) of plain CT scans showed soft tissue density mass shadows of which the internal densities were heterogeneous, and the dot high density shadows in different size scattered. The diagnostic accuracy rate of needle aspiration cytology was 61.54%(8/13). The preoperative diagnostic accuracy rate was 81.63%(391/479).@*Conclusions@#Typical pilomatricoma often occurs on a child’s head. The overlying skin is pale blue. The tumor is hard in texture, adheres to the skin, and appears a "tent sign" or "teeter-totter sign" . Ultrasonography and CT examinations suggest calcification in the subcutaneous lesion, which is helpful for preoperative diagnosis. Needle aspiration cytology can be used for differential diagnosis of atypical case.

Application of 125I radioactive particles in mediastinal lymph node metastasis / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of 125I radioactive seed implantation in the treatment of mediastinal lymph node metastasis. Methods: Records of 53 patients enrolled in Shaanxi Provincial Tumor Hospital from June 2014 to June 2018 with me-diastinal lymph node metastasis treated by computed tomography (CT)-guided 125I seed implantation were analyzed retrospectively. The preoperative treatment planning system was validated after the surgery. Intraoperative and post-operative complications were re-corded. The improvement in quality of life was observed. Chest CT follow-up was conducted 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after treatment. The local focus control was evaluated. The median survival and total survival were recorded, and the survival prognosis and causes of death were analyzed. Results: The median survival time was 254 days (8.5 months), one-year survival rate was 48.67%, and complete and partial response rate was 83.02% (44/53). Multivariate Cox model analysis showed that the survival progno-sis was related to the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score, distant metastasis at the time of implantation, concurrent chemotherapy after implantation, and secondary seed implantation (P<0.05). The rates of developing pneumothorax and hemoptysis during and after the surgery were 20.75% (11/55) and 13.20% (7/55), respectively. No patients died. After implantation, the remission rate of cough, shortness of breath, pain, hoarseness, and superior vena cava syndrome was 60.00%-82.61%. Conclusions: CT-guid-ed 125I seed implantation in the treatment of mediastinal lymph node metastasis has the advantages of minimal trauma, remarkable cu-rative effect, safety, and feasibility. It has important application value and is worthy of further clinical application.